Water shortage in the UAE

The world suffers from many problems because of a lack of resources. One of the most common problems is water shortage. Water is the most important resource in the world. It is an essential and vital resource and it is impossible to live without it. Water shortage will be the biggest challenge facing the world during the next fifty years because more than a billion people have no access to fresh water and most of them live in the developing countries. There are plenty of reasons that are behind the lack of water and we must find ways and follow procedures to minimize this problem. There are a lot of factors, whether by environment or by human activities that caused lack of wate: drought, including high temperatures, some types of pollution and over pumping. Therefore there is a lot of damage which could occur, whether in the environment or between countries, In addition political disputes and other problems could develop.

There are a lot of countries which suffer from water shortages and there are many reasons behind this. One country is the UAE, which faces this crisis. The main reason behind water shortage in the UAE is the large consumption of water, many economic development projects, water pollution and not enough groundwater. The UAE is one of the countries that use the most water in West Asia. On the other hand it's one of the most arid areas so it needs water. People who live in the UAE, are  the highest water user per capita in the world too; we consume an average of 550 liters per day. The UAE is the third largest consumer after the US and Canada in the world.

Another problem is that global warming has started to increase. The United Arab Emirates is located in the desert and there is not a lot of rain in this area, so this causes a shortage of water resources which threatens population living here.(Wardam,B  2010)

Another cause of water shortages in the UAE is lack of groundwater. It is the one of the water resources in the UAE. Recently, the amount of groundwater decreased by 18%. Now, 641 m³ groundwater resources are available, but a smaller amount of this is fresh water, 3%. And the rest of the groundwater, 97%, has a high salt content which is not good for agricultural purposes. In 1990 the rate of groundwater in the United Arab Emirates was 285 million m3/year. In Ras Al Khaima and the eastern region, groundwater and coastal water fell below sea level, because of the intensive development. Also, growth in the population in the UAE affects the amount of water. The UAE is population is increasing a lot.(Morris, M 2009)

There are many solutions for water shortages in the UAE. At the moment the UAE desalinates sea water. This is connected to the oil and the government can afford to pay for it because it is very expensive. However there are other methods that could be used. We can re-use it so water must be treated and purified and cleaned. One example is the conference that happened in Abu Dhabi National Exhibition Centre, which was supported by Global Water Intelligence. The conference covered many sides of water shortages problem, and suggested the best solution for this problem. It is also showed the two biggest water projects in the Middle East, Fujairah F2 and Marafiq. The Fujairah project was about several  distillation methods using Alstom's GT26 gas turbines, which produce 591,500 cubic meters of water per day. The Marafiq project has the capacity to produce more 800,000 cubic meters per day of desalinated water.( Mesbah, R 2009).

Another example is MASDAR city which is located in Abu Dhabi. This city is one of the best examples for every other city in the world. It relies only on solar energy and alternate energy resources and there is no wastage of water  and energy in this city. Also, it is an example for individual solutions too. It reduces the amount of wastage of water and it avoids using air conditioners at low temperatures, because this helps to save a lot of energy and water. Also, people can have a quick shower and close the tap while shaving, brushing teeth, or washing dishes. This way will save more water. Also, creating awareness for young people and children to promote water and reduce waste is important. (Hamza, K 2009).

In conclusion, there are many causes of water shortage like pollution and over pumping and waste. In the UAE the reason behind water shortages is many economic projects and consumption of water and less  groundwater. Also, the UAE is located in the desert. The best solutions for water shortages problems in UAE are distillation and cleaning the water resources. Also, there are many conferences and projects that have many solutions to reduce the amount of water waste and to re-use the water. The government can put many rules and laws to reduce the waste of water. Also, there are a lot of campaigns, which raise awareness, which aims to conserve water and reduce the consumption. In my opinion, water is the most valuable gift that God gave to us, so we all have to reduce water consumption. Every drop of water is precious and each person in any place has to learn to conserve water.

Bibliography

K, Hamza. "http://www.dubaiforums.com/dubai-politics-talk/wastage-energy-and-water-uae-t41324.html." http://www.dubaiforums.com/dubai-politics-talk/wastage-energy-and-water-uae-t41324.html. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Apr. 2010. <://www.dubaiforums.com/dubai-politics-talk/wastage-energy-and-water-uae-t41324.html>.

R, Mesbah. "Water Solutions Middle East to bring global expertise to the region | IIR Middle East | AMEinfo.com." Middle East business & financial news | business directory & current events | AME Info. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Dec. 2010. <http://www.ameinfo.com/208468.html>.

M, Morris. "Abu Dhabi warns of potential water shortage - Energy - ArabianBusiness.com." Middle East Business News, Gulf Financial & Industry Events & Information - ArabianBusiness.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Dec. 2010. <http://www.arabianbusiness.com/abu-dhabi-warns-of-potential-water-shortage-64835.html>.

B, Wardam. " UAE Worries about Water Scarcity - Arab Environment Watch ." Arab Environment Watch - Jeeran Blogs. N.p., N.d. Web. 23 Dec. 2010. . Web.

Reflection 1

Everything that you study in your life affects you, but this subject affects on me in many ways. I learned from this subject a lot of things. For example: in my first project I learnt how to compare between any two things when I want to buy it or I have to write about it, and I have to see the compare and the contrast, to help me to know the disadvantages and the advantages which make me buy anything and then feel that I am so sad that I lost my money on a thing which is too expensive. And in my second project  I learnt how technology and how email change a lot of things in my life which make my life easier, I can connect with my friends wherever they are, send my photos, use video calls, open the web cam, and a lot of useful things.

Email

1.0 Introduction

What is the email? And what is the purpose and uses for email?. We all know e-mail, which means the Electronic Mail or e-mail. Email is much older than Arpanet or the Internet. Email is a quick service and an easy way to exchange letters and messages using computers rather than using traditional mail. Also it's a system of electronic messaging and in most cases using the Internet. In order to be able to use it we must have an e-mail program and e-mail address and know the e-mail of the addressee.

An e-mail message contains two parts, the first part of the message is a header and the second part is the text of the message. The message header contains the address of the e-mail or more recipient addresses. The text of the message contains the content of the message and more details about the subject. (Hardy, l. R., 1996)

1.2 Uses

There are many uses for email. The first use: it provides a cheaper way, and faster, and more dependent on the exchange of business information associated with customers by email. Also, it allows you to transmit the information of various kinds - not only written letters, but also documents, images, graphics, or any other data in the computer file. Also, these days we can record messages easily, and keep a record of correspondence. And messages can be organized in an easy way; for example the establishment of a book title. Also, messages can be protected from being seen outside and can be sent easily to a different number of recipients. Another use of email these days is, services can access to the businessman at the time that he is away from the office.

2.1 Invention

In 1970, Ray Tomlinson worked with a small group to develop the TENEX operating system, with local email programs called SNDMSG and READMAIL. When Tomlinson updated SNDMSG, he added a program called CPYNET, so he created the first ARPANET email application. Also, he chose the "commercial at" symbol to combine the user and host names, providing the naturally meaningful notation "user @host". In 1972 the email system was developed by adding the commands MAIL and MLFL to the FTP program. And they were able to copy the message to each recipient. (Sage K.J. 2010)

2.2 Development

In 1988 Steve Dorner developed one of the first good commercial systems called Eudora. After that, Pegasus mail appeared. The World Wide Web made available on the interfaces such as Yahoo and Hotmail. Usually email was without charge, but with the increase of people who are creating emails daily, it’s affordable.

Communications today rely on e-mail, so must be high quality because the large companies care about the high quality and must be able to communicate easily without any problem. There is a new system and company named Nicereply. It's a company seeking to obtain customers.

3.0 Quality

It is satisfying and interesting to communicate through e-mail. This makes it easier for customers to exchange their views and provide an opportunity to improve the quality of customer service. And also gives users the motivation to do better and better, and increases the ability to monitor the performance of staff to service customers. ( Remick 2010)

3.1 Safety

With the development of e-mail, security and protection are important because of some problems. One of the famous problems that faced e-mail is viruses. So, e-mails have developed many ways for protection, such as changing the password and keeping it in a safe place and not to be shared. Also, log off when finished and do not open any attachments from anyone unless they are run through an anti-virus program. And keep personal information personal. Another way of safety is deleting all e-mails from people you do not know.

4.0 Future

There are so many ways which have appeared lately to improve e-mail etiquette and the style that don’t annoy those on the receiving end of sender messages. One of the ways to improve e-mail is having descriptive subject lines and that helps people to scan their inbox easily and helps them to search messages after ending the conversation.  Also, if someone sends you questions on e-mail reply online and try to not use email when another medium makes more sense. Ask people if they prefer attachments or inline pasting, because some people dislike receiving attachments. Don’t share email addresses, like sharing email with spouse or partner, unless it was kind of business.(Alboher , 2009)

4.1 Bibliography:

Alboher, Marci . "How to improve your email etiquette - Manage Your Life on Shine." Shine: Fashion and Beauty, Healthy Living, Parenting, Sex and Love, Career and Money, Food, and more - Shine on Yahoo!. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Dec. 2010. <http://shine.yahoo.com/channel/life/how-to-improve-your-email-etiquette-481584>.

Hardy, l. R. (n.d.). Email History. livinginternet. Retrieved May 13, 1996, from http://www.livinginternet.com/e

Lan, P. (n.d.). History of email. Internet History Resource Centre. Retrieved November 4, 2010, fromhttp://www.nethistory.info/History%20of%20the%20Internet/email.html

Sage, K. J. (n.d.). Email - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved November 4, 2010, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email

Remick , Jarel . "199." http://web.appstorm.net/reviews/email-apps/nicereply-feedback-on-your-email-quality/ . N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Oct. 2010. <web.appstorm.net/reviews/email-apps/nicereply-feedback-on-your-email-quality/ >.

Compare and contrast the BUGATTI VEYRON and the PORSCHE 911 TURBO

Compare and contrast the BUGATTI VEYRON and the PORSCHE 911 TURBO

Many people like sports cars such as the Nissan GTR, the Ferrari, the Porsche and the Bugatti. In this composition I would like to describe the similarities and differences between the Porsche 911 turbo and the Bugatti Veyron.

There are some similarities between the Bugatti Veyron and the Porsche 911 Turbo. The first   major similarity is that both are sports cars. Another obvious similarity is that both cars are made in Germany. Yet another distinct similarity is that both cars have intelligent systems. The fourth major similarity is that both cars have only two doors and only two passengers can sit in each car. The final important similarity is that both cars have manual gears.

Although there are some similarities, there are also many important differences between the Porsche 911 Turbo and the Bugatti Veyron. The first important difference is cost. The Bugatti Veyron is more expensive then the Porsche 911 Turbo because the Bugatti Veyron costs about US$ 1,980,000 (Bovingdon, 2010), and the Porsche 911 Turbo cost about US$ 137,360 – 140, 780(Renolds2007).

 Another obvious difference  is top speed , The Bugatti  Veyron is faster  than the Porsche 911 Turbo  because   the Bugatti  Veyron's  top speed is 429 KPH .( Bovingdon,2010) and  the top speed for the Porsche 911 Turbo is  312 KPH(Renolds2007).

Yet another significant difference is the starting speed:  in the Bugatti Veyron 0-60 MPH is about 2.7 seconds. (Bovingdon, 2010) and the Porsche 911 Turbo goes 0-60 MPH in about 3.6 seconds (Renolds2007).

The fourth major difference is that   the  horsepower in the Bugatti  Veyron is about  1001 HP.( Bovingdon,2010) and  the horsepower in the Porsche 911 TURBO is about  480 HP(Renolds2007)

The final important difference is that  the weight in the Bugatti  Veyron is  about  4,350 pounds.( Bovingdon,2010)  and  the  Porsche 911 Turbo is about 3,650 – 3,750 pounds (Renolds2007)

Overall, the differences outweigh the similarities. In my opinion the Bugatti Veyron is better than the Porsche 911 Turbo because it's faster and has a beautiful design and is easy to drive in the city.

 Reference

·         Bovingdon, J. (2010, September). Heat-seeking missiles: Bugatti meets Lambo on the open roads of oil-rich Qatar. Motor Trend, 56+. Retrieved October 15, 2010, from the Gale Student Resources In Context database.

·         Renolds, K. (2007, September). Topless Turbo: the 192-mph tanning booth. Motor Trend, n, 158(1). Retrieved October 15, 2010, from the Gale Student Resources In Context database.( Bovingdon,2010).

·         Adams, E., Brown, J., & Lienert, D. (December 2006). Auto Tech. Popular Science, 269(6), 71. Retrieved from http://0-ic.galegroup.com.library.hct.ac.ae/ic/suic/MagazinesDetailsPage/MagazinesDetailsWindow?displayGroupName=Magazines&prodId=SUIC&action=2&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CA155047014&userGroupName=971hctnet&jsid=5d455b5efa56bb1956221c94d1f3fde5

ADVENTURE

ADVENTURE

The greatest downhiller Lindsey Vonn started preparation for the Olympics when she was 22 years in Minnesota. She had been practicing a lot when she was small and spending hours on practicing. She focused on the basics and taking tips from the Austrian ski coach. Every summer, she went on trips with her family to the Rocky Mountains, and participated in the camp in the mountains of Hood in Europe. She moved with her family to Vail, Colorado for her training when she was 12. Three years later, she won the first international championship and competed in the Olympic Games in the winter. She was a strong competitor. The most technical event in skiing, the fastest and longest is Downhill. One of the advantages that Vonn had is body mass. She was training more than the others. Also she won gold in Vancouver.

                                                                                           

Melville, Greg. "Build-A-Skier." Adventure Dec. - Jan. 910: 30. Print.